Authorship Criteria and Contributions

General Principles

The Journal of Intan Nursing is committed to ensuring that authorship accurately reflects the scholarly contributions of the individuals involved in the preparation and execution of a manuscript. Authorship confers academic recognition and carries responsibility and accountability for the published work.

The Journal of Intan Nursing adheres to the authorship recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE). All individuals listed as authors must meet the four authorship criteria outlined below.

 

Authorship Criteria

To qualify as an author, an individual must meet all of the following criteria:

  1. Substantial contributions: Made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work, or to the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data.
  2. Intellectual contributions to the manuscript: Drafted the work or revised it critically for important intellectual content.
  3. Final approval: Provided final approval of the version to be published.
  4. Accountability: Agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and to ensure that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

All four criteria must be met. Individuals who meet the first criterion may participate in drafting the manuscript or conducting a critical review and approve the final version.

 

Contributions That Do Not Qualify for Authorship

Activities that do not, in themselves, justify authorship include: obtaining funding, general supervision, administrative support, data collection without substantial intellectual contribution, technical assistance, language editing, and proofreading. Individuals whose contributions do not meet all four authorship criteria should be duly acknowledged—with their permission, where necessary—and their specific contributions must be clearly described.

 

Author Contributions

The Journal of Intan Nursing encourages transparent reporting of each author's contributions. Authors are expected to describe their respective contributions when submitting a manuscript, in accordance with the journal’s requirements.

For research articles, authors may use the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT), where relevant, to describe contributions such as conceptualization, methodology, investigation, data curation, formal analysis, writing, supervision, and project administration. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that the contribution statement is accurate and has been approved by all authors.

 

Responsibilities of the Corresponding Author

The corresponding author serves as the primary point of contact between the author group and the editorial office throughout the submission, peer review, and publication processes.

The corresponding author must ensure that:

  1. All listed authors meet the journal’s authorship criteria.
  2. All authors have approved the submitted manuscript and the order in which they are listed.
  3. All authors are kept informed about the manuscript submission and any significant communications from the editorial office.
  4. Author contributions, funding information, conflicts of interest, and relevant ethical statements are accurately disclosed.
  5. Any changes regarding authorship are communicated to the editorial office and supported by the consent of all affected authors.

Designation as the corresponding author does not automatically confer authorship rights beyond meeting the four established criteria.

 

Author Order and Changes to Authorship

The order of authors must be agreed upon by all authors before manuscript submission, based on their respective contributions and mutual consensus. Requests to add, remove, or change the order of authors after a manuscript has been submitted must be accompanied by a clear justification and written consent from all affected authors, including those being added or removed. Such changes are subject to editorial review and approval.

The Journal of Intan Nursing may suspend the processing of a manuscript if there is a significant, unresolved authorship dispute. If necessary, the journal may refer the matter to the relevant institution(s) for investigation. The Journal of Intan Nursing does not replace institutions in resolving disputes about individual contributions.

 

Unethical Authorship Practices

The Journal of Intan Nursing does not permit:

  1. Gift or honorary authorship: Including individuals who have not made a qualifying scientific contribution.
  2. Ghost authorship: Omitting individuals who have made a qualifying contribution without a valid justification.
  3. Guest authorship: Including individuals as authors solely to enhance the credibility of a manuscript, despite them not having made a qualifying contribution.
  4. Undisclosed changes to authorship: Adding, removing, or altering authors without proper disclosure and consent.

Alleged violations of authorship ethics will be assessed in accordance with the Journal of Intan Nursing policies on publication ethics and research misconduct.

 

Use of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools—including generative AI systems—cannot be listed as authors, as they are unable to assume the responsibility and accountability required of human authors.

Authors must disclose the use of AI-based tools in compliance with the Journal of Intan Nursing AI policy and manuscript submission guidelines. Human authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, and integrity of all submitted content, as well as for ensuring appropriate attribution.

 

Ethical Responsibilities

All authors are responsible for ensuring that their submitted work is original, accurately reported, conducted ethically, and in compliance with applicable research ethics standards.

By submitting a manuscript to the Journal of Intan Nursing, the corresponding author confirms that all authorship information and statements regarding contributions are accurate, and that all listed authors have consented to the submission of the manuscript. For further information, authors may refer to the Author Guidelines, Publication Ethics, and policies regarding research misconduct as established by the Journal of Intan Nursing.